Various properties of polyester.edited

Polyester is a synthetic fabric that is less expensive than cotton. Polyester canvas is a very strong and durable fabric. Printing polyester canvas is a waterproof fabric.

Here is the content list:

• The nature of polyester

• Mechanical properties of polyester

• Chemical stability of polyester

The nature of polyester

1. Lightfastness. Its light resistance is second only to acrylic. The light resistance of polyester is related to its molecular structure. Polyester only has a strong absorption band in the 315nm light wave region, so its strength only loses 60% after 600 hours of sunlight exposure, which is similar to cotton.

2. Electrical properties. Due to its low hygroscopicity, Polyester canvas has poor electrical conductivity, and its dielectric constant is 3.0~3.8 in the range of -100~+160°C, making it an excellent insulator.

Mechanical properties of polyester

① High strength. The dry state strength is 4~7cN/dex, and the wet state decreases.

② moderate elongation, 20% to 50%.

③ High modulus. Among the large varieties of synthetic fibers, the initial modulus of polyester is the highest, and its value can be as high as 14~17GPa. This makes the polyester canvas dimensionally stable, with no deformation, no aliasing, and long-lasting pleats.

④ Good resilience. Its elasticity is close to that of wool, and when it is stretched by 5%, it can recover almost completely after unloading. Therefore, the wrinkle resistance of polyester canvas exceeds that of other fabrics.

⑤ wear resistance. Its wear resistance is second only to nylon but surpasses other synthetic fibers, and its wear resistance is almost the same.

Chemical stability of polyester

The chemical stability of polyester mainly depends on the molecular chain structure. In addition to poor alkali resistance, polyester has excellent resistance to other reagents.

①Acid resistance. Polyester is very stable to acids (especially organic acids). After soaking in a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 5% at 100°C for 24 hours, or at 40°C for 72 hours in a sulfuric acid solution with a mass fraction of 70%, there is no loss of strength. However, it cannot resist the long-term action of concentrated nitric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature.

② Alkali resistance. Because the ester group on the polyester macromolecule is easily hydrolyzed by alkali. The fiber can be damaged by the action of concentrated alkali at room temperature and diluting alkali at high temperatures, but it is relatively stable to dilute alkali or weak alkali at low temperatures.

③Solvent resistance. Polyester has strong resistance to general non-polar organic solvents, even to polar organic solvents at room temperature. For example, soaking in acetone, chloroform, toluene, trichloroethylene, and carbon tetrachloride for 24 hours at room temperature will not reduce the fiber strength. In the heated state, polyester is soluble in phenol, xylenol, o-dichlorophenol, benzyl alcohol, nitrobenzene and phenol-carbon tetrachloride, phenol-chloroform, phenol-toluene, and other mixed solvents.

4. Microbial resistance. Polyester is resistant to microorganisms and is not affected by moths and molds. It is not necessary to protect polyester clothes from moths, and polyester canvas is easier to store.

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